1984 Specialist in Diabetology (magna cum laude), University of Milan, Italy
1981 MD (magna cum laude), University of Milan, Italy

2011-today Head, Diabetology Outpatient Clinic, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan
2009-today Head, Cardio-Diabetes and Core Lab Unit, Metabolic and Cardiovascular Science Division, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan
2002-2009 Senior Investigator, Intermediate Metabolism Unit, Department of Medicine, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan
1990-today Professional Licence: ODM Milan 30339, 11-07-1990
1987-2002 Research Investigator, Department of Medicine, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan
1986-1987 Research Associate, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
1984-1985 Clinical and research fellow, Université Claude Bernard, Clinique de Néphrologie et Maladies Métaboliques, Unité de Transplantation, Hôpital Edourd Herriot, Lyon, France
1981-1984 Clinical and research fellow, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy